The Pantanal is burning: how a wetland became a hotspot for bushfires
The Pantanal, the world's largest freshwater wetland, is suffering exceptionally devastating forest fires, mostly caused by human activities. Over the past few months, an area as big as Northern Ireland has burned down. Both ENDS's partner organisations call for attention for this ecological and social disaster.
The Pantanal is a UNESCO world heritage site stretching over Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay. The region, consisting of rivers, swamps and lakes with in between forests, grasslands and peatlands, is known for its unique biodiversity and many special species.
This year, the Pantanal experiences extreme drought. It rained 50% less than the year before; in June the water level of the river Paraguay, which feeds the wetland with water, lowered 3,5 meters. According to Solange Ikeda of Both ENDS's local partner organisation Instituto Gaia (Brazil) the river is even complete dry now in some places.
The drought is not only caused by climate change, but also by deforestation of the nearby Amazon. The rains that fall in the Pantanal for a large part are being formed above the Amazonian forests.
Human activities make Pantanal vulnerable
Apart from the changing climate, the Pantanal also becomes more vulnerable due to human activities. Solange Ikeda: "Deforestation and the construction of dams in the Paraguay river and its tributaries lower the water level of the river further. Wet areas decrease, and the amount of dry matter increases."
Furthermore in the Pantanal farmers (illegally) burn pieces of land for cattle and soy, just like in the Amazon. The dry circumstances allow these fires to spread easily.
This makes it possible that more than a million hectares has been burned down in a region that is called "the Kingdom of Waters" by its inhabitants.
Fighting for the protection of the Pantanal
Both ENDS has been working for decades with a broad coalition of civil society organisations (including Instituto Gaia) to protect the Pantanal from canalization, hydropower dams and deforestation. Also our partners promote sustainable economic activities, for example agro-ecological food production.
The fires in the Pantanal show the importance of this protection. Not only for biodiversity and the world's climate, but also for the livelihoods of the people living there: "Many communities are now without food", explains Solange Ikeda. "Areas that were used by people for agriculture and medicinal plants are lost. The ash residue contaminates the water, so we expect increased fish mortality in the coming months. There is a lack of clean water and people experience respiratory problems, amidst the COVID-19 crisis."
Direct support to communities is difficult to organize. A boat expedition that Gaia planned to distribute food, water and hygiene products to effected communities had to be postponed because the boat got stuck in a sand bank.
Civil society fighting the fires and its consequences
So far, national and local governments are failing to effectively fight the fires. There is not only a lack of support for the prevention of illegal deforestation, but also the local fire brigades have experienced budget cuts in recent years.
Civil society is doing whatever they can now to mitigate the impacts of the fires. Gaia together with other organisations is setting up a project to form, strengthen and finance local fire brigades. They share their knowledge and experiences with politicians and encourage inhabitants to do the same.
Wetlands need protection, on national and international level
Just like the Amazon influences the situation in the Pantanal, the developments in the Pantanal take effect further downstream in the Paraná Delta in Argentina, a wetland stretching until Buenos Aires. Also in the Paraná Delta the fires rage out of control, mainly caused by the burning of land for cattle ranching combined with extreme drought, according to Laura Prol of Both ENDS's parter organisation Taller Ecologista.
Environmental organisations in Argentina have been calling for years for a law that protects wetlands like the Paraná Delta.
But also the Netherlands and the European Union can take action to stop this downward spiral in the Pantanal, the Paraná Delta and the Amazon. Where the Dutch government and others now are actively supporting companies to build infrastructure like harbours and waterways to support soy production (of which a large part is being exported to Europe), they could ask their colleagues in South America to protect these ecosystems and the communities that depend on them, and restrict the import of products linked to deforestation, such as soy.
For more information
Read more about this subject
-
Dossier /
Soy: trade in deforestation
The rising demand for soy is having negative consequences for people and the environment in South America. Both ENDS reminds Dutch actors in the soy industry of their responsibilities and is working with partners on fair and sustainable alternatives.
-
Dossier /
Wetlands without Borders
With our Wetlands without Borders program, we work towards environmentally sustainable and socially responsible governance of the wetlands system of the La Plata Basin in South America.
-
Publication / 29 October 2024
-
News / 24 September 2024
Massive Wildfires Ravage South America
“The fires have reached proportions we have never experienced before.”
Large swathes of South America are currently draped in smoke. From Buenos Aires, to São Paulo to Asunción people struggle to breathe due to unprecedented fires raging on the continent, fuelled by extreme drought, the expansion of the agriculture frontier and rising temperatures linked to climate change.
-
News / 3 July 2024
Illegal logging is devastating Suriname's forest: The Saamaka and their fight against deforestation
The Saamaka people of Suriname have long resisted the government's violation of their land rights. Despite a 2007 ruling by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) against such violations, the government continues to grant logging and mining concessions on Saamaka territory without free prior and informed consent (FPIC). New report shows this has led to deforestation, land dispossession, and disruption of their livelihoods. A recent example includes a 42.7 km road built through their lands for logging access.
-
External link / 2 July 2024
-
External link / 2 July 2024
-
Publication / 2 July 2024
-
News / 19 June 2024
Recognition for PROBIOMA from the Chamber of Deputies of the Plurinational State of Bolivia
PROBIOMA have received recognition from the Chamber of Deputies of the Plurinational State of Bolivia. The presentation of this tribute took place at the Museum of Natural History Noel Kempff Mercado, in the framework of the Environment Day.
-
Pathway /
Advocating for just governance worldwide
Our goal is to achieve systemic change at all levels of social, political and economic institutions, to ensure that these unconditionally respect human rights and planetary boundaries. This requires policy coherence and consistent decision-making across all sectors - from trade, finance and energy to food production, agriculture, climate action and water management - and across all sections of society - from individual to family, farm, neighbourhood, city, province and national levels.
-
News / 5 June 2024
Appeal by 70 parties: The Netherlands’ strategy for global food security works!
A broad coalition of Dutch companies, knowledge institutes and civil society organizations wants to work together with the new government to make a real difference in improving global food security. The main focus will lie on supporting farmers and consumers in the Netherlands and beyond, and promoting climate-proof food systems in low- and middle-income countries. The coalition believes that, with our knowledge, expertise, experience and reputation for international cooperation and trade, the Netherlands must adopt an ambitious strategy for making our food systems more sustainable, and so contribute to achieving the targets in the Paris Climate Accord and the Sustainable Development Goals.
-
Blog / 15 April 2024
The year of truth: EU Member States urged to combat deforestation
The EU is the world's largest "importer of deforestation," due to the huge volumes of unsustainably produced soy, timber, palm oil, and other raw materials that EU member states import. After many years of delay, the European Parliament and the European Council passed a law in December 2023 to address this problem: The EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR). Both ENDS is part of a broad coalition of organizations that have been pushing for this European legislation. However, there is now a serious delay, and perhaps even postponement, of the law's implementation. Objections have been raised by a number of member states, who are sensitive to lobbying by certain business sectors and producer countries.
-
Press release / 4 March 2024
Dutch government calls for investigation into Malaysian timber certification
The Dutch government expects PEFC International to undertake an investigation into its own role as a forest certification system, using the Malaysian Timber Certification Scheme (MTCS). "It is about time the Dutch government takes a leading role in ensuring Malaysian timber entering The Netherlands is not associated with deforestation and human rights abuses," states Paul Wolvekamp of Both ENDS. "Considering that the Dutch government has the ambition to build 900.000 houses in the immediate future, involving massive volumes of timber, such as timber from Malaysia for window frames, builders, contractors, timber merchants and local governments rely on the Dutch government to have its, mandatory, timber procurement better organised, i.e. from reliable, accountable sources'.
-
Blog / 26 February 2024
Brumadinho: 5 years without justice
On January 25, 2019, Brumadinho region witnessed a tragedy-crime that claimed 272 lives, including two unborn children, affectionately called "Jewels" in response to VALE’s declarations that the company, as a Brazilian jewel, should not be condemned for an accident. However, the investigations about B1 dam collapse, at Córrego do Feijão Mine, showed that the scar left on the community and environment was not an accident, but VALE negligence.
-
Blog / 26 February 2024
Exploring sustainable farming practices with partners in Indonesia
From land regeneration to improving soil health – trees play a crucial role in almost all our ecosystems. Agroforestry makes use of these benefits by combining agriculture and forestry. Agroforestry, and the reforestation and conservation efforts that are part of it, improves biodiversity and climate resilience, as well as the livelihoods of the farming communities involved.
-
Blog / 26 February 2024
Impacts of the fossil fuel sector in Guanabara Bay
Last September, together with our Brazilian partner FASE, Marius Troost of Both ENDS visited Guanabara Bay (near Rio de Janeiro) to map the impacts of the fossil fuel sector there. During the trip, he was struck by the braveness and fearlessness of the local fisherfolk who protest the injustices faced by the people who live around Guanabara Bay and about the damage done to the environment.
-
News / 25 January 2024
'We can not have a transition when we do not talk about consumption patterns'
The parliamentary elections in the Netherlands are over, and the dust has somewhat settled. No matter what government emerges from the process, one thing is clear: in the Netherlands the main focus is on the Netherlands. Foreign affairs were hardly mentioned during the elections and the same applies to the process of forming a new coalition. More alarmingly, some of the winners in the elections want to cut themselves off even further from the world around us.
-
News / 24 January 2024
Both ENDS in solidarity with Justice for Brumadinho!
272 innocent people were killed. A tsunami of toxic mud unleashed, some 12 million cubic metres of ore tailing into the surrounding areas. January 25th, 2024 is the solemn 5-year mark of the Brumadinho upstream mining dam collapse. This was Brazil’s worst environmental and industrial disaster.
-
News / 22 January 2024
Is the Netherlands’ reputation as a world leader in the field of water knowledge deserved?
The Netherlands is a major player in the global water sector, but our investments can quite often lead to human rights violations and environmental problems in the countries where they are made. What can a new Dutch government do to reduce the Netherlands’ footprint beyond our borders? Ellen Mangnus spoke to various experts about this issue: today, part 3.
-
News / 21 December 2023
The Netherlands is certainly not more Catholic than the Pope
The Netherlands is well on its way with the energy transition at home, but our country continues to encourage Dutch investments in fossil projects elsewhere. This is obviously not in line with the climate goals and, moreover, these kinds of projects cause major problems in the countries where they take place. What can a new cabinet do to reduce the Dutch footprint abroad? Ellen Mangnus discussed this with several experts: today part 2.