The social aspects of turning the Sahel green
In Niger, farmers have turned no less than 5 million ha. of the Southern Sahelian provinces Maradi and Zinder green. They protected and assisted spontaneous regeneration of trees in and around their agricultural fields. Between January 12th and 20th, Both ENDS colleague Marie José van der Werff ten Bosch accompanied Chris Reij (CIS, VU University Amsterdam) to the south of Niger, to find out how farmers were able to regreen at such a large scale, and how their experiences can benefit other villages in the Sahel. Both ENDS, VU-CIS and the Centre Régional d'Enseignement Spécialisé en Agriculture (CRESA) have a joint project to spread the approach to the region of Dogondoutchi.
The technique of protecting spontanious regeneration of trees, or "Assisted Natural Regreening (or Régénération Naturelle Assistée, RNA)", is not difficult; it requires some knowledge of trees and the seed store and root systems in the soil from which trees can regenerate. When preparing the field for the one harvest a year, the farmer prunes the regeneration in a certain way ("tailler"). All farmers in Niger who learn about the benefits of trees on their fields are ready to protect them. When we stopped at random on the roadside to ask farmers about their experiences with trees on their croplands, they told us without exception that the yields increase when the tree density is higher. It is also a very low-cost technique of producing extra fodder, while enriching the soils, enhancing food security, diversifying income opportunities and creating a natural buffer to local resilience in times of drought.
The more difficult aspect of this technique of RNA is the management aspect in a society where farmers, sedentary cattle keepers, and nomadic herders belonging to different tribes have to live together. In order for the young trees not to be eaten by cattle, the cattle owners must know about the protective measures, and keep the trees safe from cattle. Cattle owners cutting leafy branches from the trees as fodder must do this in a manner that does not damage the tree, and preferably in consultation with the farmer owning the land. The farmers benefit from the presence of cattle as well, since their manure fertilises the land and contains additional seeds. This way cattle takes care of spreading seeds and diversifying tree populations. Therefore, as part of spreading the ANR approach, CRESA and their local NGO partners help set up management committees in the 46 villages in the Dogondoutchi province they work with. The village head, farmers, cattle owners, men and women are represented in these committees, and the committee is able to oversee all regreening efforts in the village, and mediate in case of conflict. The heads of the nomadic tribes are involved in dialogues at the level of the districts or departments, though they are more difficult to reach and involve.
Passing through the village of Batodi, situated on what used to be a bare plateau, it becomes very clear why farmers are so positive towards trees on their fields: after 20 years of soil improvement and RNA, the village is now surrounded by a park landscape, and the water table has risen 14 meters locally. The village has 10 vegetable gardens and a fruit orchard in development, something incredible for such a dry area. Both ENDS will continue to apply itself for spreading the RNA approach in Niger and elsewhere, as it could possibly be the most effective, low-cost and home-grown restoration option for dryland regions all over the world.
Read more about this subject
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Instalink / 21 November 2024
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Blog / 19 November 2024
Building Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning systems based on mutual accountability and trust
Just before summer, on June 27th we participated in a panel discussion on inclusive conservation in a learning event organized by WWF Netherlands. Several organizations joined in a discussion on inclusive, decolonial, rights-based, and community-led approaches in conservation. We discussed the barriers, gaps and opportunities in how power is shared, inclusion promoted, and accountability practiced in our work. The question raised was: as Dutch-based organizations, are we doing enough to really work inclusive? In 2023 Both ENDS started an Examination of Power process to research how power is experienced in our partnerships. I share a couple of practical tips and insights that I feel might benefit the greater conversation around Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) in our sector.
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Instalink / 18 November 2024
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Blog / 18 November 2024
The global rise of authoritarian regimes demands global strategies
The global funding landscape for civil society movements is changing, and is increasingly faced with policies that restrict funding streams, limit philanthropic work, and silence critical voices. These are not incidental shifts but part of a broader pattern that erodes the support for those international networks and movements under the guise ‘necessary financial cuts’, ‘aid reform’ or ‘efficiency’.
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Publication / 18 November 2024
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Instalink / 16 November 2024
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Instalink / 15 November 2024
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Event / 15 November 2024, 12:50 - 16:45
#BothENDSatCOP29 Side Events
Both ENDS’ participation at COP29 includes three critical side events that will highlight gender-just climate finance, locally-led adaptation, and multilateral approaches to a just energy transition and industrialisation in the Global South.
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Instalink / 14 November 2024
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Instalink / 13 November 2024
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Instalink / 12 November 2024
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Press release / 12 November 2024
Ruling climate case Shell: "Shell has an obligation to protect human rights."
The Hague, 12 November 2024 - The court has ruled in Shell's appeal in the Climate Case that Milieudefensie won against Shell in 2021. The Court of Appeal has ruled that the oil and gas giant has a responsibility to reduce its emissions, but has not imposed a reduction obligation.
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Instalink / 12 November 2024
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Instalink / 11 November 2024
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Press release / 11 November 2024
Both ENDS's response to government letter on future cooperation with civil society organisations
DEN HAAG, 11 November 2024 - Today, the Dutch government published its policy on future cooperation with development organisations, both in the Netherlands and abroad. PVV minister Reinette Klever is putting the axe to this funding: she has decided to cut the budget for aid to international civil society by more than two-thirds: from roughly €1.4 billion to €0.4 billion in the period 2026 to 2030. This has major implications for critical voices at home and abroad, at a time when civic space for organisations around the world is already shrinking. Karin van Boxtel, director of environmental and human rights organisation Both ENDS: ‘This is an unprecedented step in exactly the wrong direction. Civil society organisations are essential for sustainable and social change worldwide. International movements fulfil multiple, indispensable roles: as a watchdog of the rule of law, as a driver of change, and as a counterforce against authoritarian tendencies. The weakening of support for these roles is a telling signal.’
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News / 11 November 2024
Kenya Terminates Bilateral Investment Treaty with the Netherlands
The government of Kenya has officially terminated its bilateral investment treaty (BIT) with the Netherlands, marking a significant win for economic justice and environmental protection. Kenya’s decision reflects a growing global trend of rethinking outdated treaties that often prioritize corporate interests over public welfare. The Dutch Minister for Foreign Trade and Development recently confirmed that Kenya unilaterally ended the treaty in December 2023, rendering it inoperative from 11 June 2024. Kenya now joins South Africa, Tanzania, and Burkina Faso as the fourth African country to terminate its BIT with the Netherlands.
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News / 9 November 2024
Why is the Dutch climate case against Shell important to our partners in the Global South?
On November 12th, a new ruling will be issued by the Court of Appeal in The Hague in the climate case against Shell, in which Both ENDS is a co-plaintiff. Ahead of this ruling, we asked our partners why this Dutch lawsuit is important for the Global South.
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Instalink / 3 November 2024
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News / 1 November 2024
Both ENDS at COP29: advocating for gender just climate finance
On November 11th, the 29th UN Climate Conference will start in Baku, Azerbaijan. Just like previous years, Both ENDS will be there to advocate for local access to climate finance, and to support our partner organisations in their advocacy work. How do we do that, and what are our hopes (and worries) about this 29th edition of the UNFCCC COP? We asked Marius Troost, who will be joining COP29 together with Daan Robben.
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Instalink / 31 October 2024